Berkeley 39

(MWSC 1336; OCL 561; FSR 1174; FoF 633)

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1.0 UTI
1.0
CN
1.0
Cdens
1.0
CC3
1.0
Clit
1.0
Cdup
N50 (P>50% members) 1429
Stellar density (N50/rad) 49.8 [N/pc2]
C3 classification AA
  • CN 1.0 Very rich
  • Cdens 1.0 Very dense
  • CC3 1.0 Very high quality
  • Clit 1.0 Very well-studied
  • Cdup 1.0 Unique
πŸ“₯ Members πŸ“Š Colab πŸ”¬ Bayestar19 MOCAMOCA πŸ” CDS πŸ” Simbad πŸ” CDS (Ξ±, Ξ΄) πŸ” Simbad (Ξ±, Ξ΄)

Overview
ℹ️
Berkeley 39 is a very rich, very dense object of very high C3 quality. Its parallax locates it at a moderate distance, well above the mid-plane, affected by low extinction. It is catalogued as a very massive, near-solar metallicity, very old cluster, but with a large variance across recent sources for the metallicity and mass parameters (see Parameters). It is very well-studied in the literature.

Note: This object contains blue stragglers according to at least one source.

Almeida et al. (2025)
Mass determination: good fit. Isochrone match: good fit. Gold sample.

Cavallo et al. (2024)
Gold sample.

Hunt & Reffert (2024)
Classified as open cluster. CMD class: 0.95 (50th percentile).

Rain et al. (2024)
BSS candidates form two groups: faint objects consistent with low-mass donors and redder, brighter BSSs matched by higher-mass donor models. Two YSSs are present. Some stars may be misidentified or require alternative binary parameters.

Rain et al. (2021)
The distance d=3035.4 (dmode+01) of Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2018A&A...618A..93C, Cat. J/A+A18/A93) was use to fit the isochrone. There are several stragglers candidates with a radius larger than the apparent radius of the cluster (r=10 arcmin (Dias et al., 2002A&A...389..871D, Cat. B/ocl).

Ahumada & Lapasset (2007)
Only straggler candidates inside a radius of 6' around the centre of coordinates have been considered. The red limit of the blue straggler area is (B-V)=0.64. Four probable members, short- period, eclipsing binaries are identified among the stragglers by (1993MNRAS.262...49K). Another Delta Scuti straggler is found by (1999AcA....49..551M).

Data
πŸ” Search references for Berkeley 39 in: SciX Simbad
ℹ️
Reference Year RA [deg] DEC [deg] Plx [mas] pmRA [mas/yr] pmDE [mas/yr] Rv [km/s]
UCC 99999– 116.7 -4.669 0.233 -1.722 -1.618 59.332
Otto et al. 2026 116.707 -4.673 – -1.73 -1.65 58.5
Li et al. 2025 116.702 -4.665 0.201 -1.73 -1.645 –
Hu & Soubiran 2025 116.697 -4.664 – – – –
Carrasco-Varela et al. 2025 116.893 -4.735 – – – –
Almeida et al. 2025 116.695 -4.658 – – – –
Zhang et al. 2024 116.707 -4.673 – – – –
Hunt & Reffert 2024 116.707 -4.673 0.231 -1.732 -1.631 59.873
Cavallo et al. 2024 116.697 -4.664 0.228 – – –
Rain et al. 2024 116.701 -4.669 0.227 -1.726 -1.626 –
Hunt & Reffert 2023 116.707 -4.673 0.231 -1.732 -1.631 59.873
Just et al. 2023 116.701 -4.678 – – – –
Jadhav & Subramaniam 2021 116.702 -4.665 – – – –
Jaehnig et al. 2021 116.706 -4.669 0.225 -1.739 -1.646 –
Rain et al. 2021 116.702 -4.665 0.201 -1.73 -1.645 –
Dias et al. 2021 116.695 -4.658 0.207 -1.724 -1.648 60.117
Cantat-Gaudin et al. 2020 116.702 -4.665 0.201 -1.73 -1.645 –
SΓ‘nchez et al. 2020 116.675 -4.6 – -1.605 -1.63 –
Zhong et al. 2020 116.702 -4.665 – -1.73 -1.645 51.093
Cantat-Gaudin & Anders 2020 116.702 -4.665 0.201 -1.73 -1.645 –
Liu & Pang 2019 116.695 -4.655 0.268 -1.679 -1.643 –
Soubiran et al. 2018 116.702 -4.665 – – – 59.89
Bica et al. 2019 116.695 -4.666 – – – –
Cantat-Gaudin et al. 2018 116.702 -4.665 0.201 -1.73 -1.645 –
Loktin & Popova 2017 116.7 -4.68 – -1.373 -3.361 55.0
Kharchenko et al. 2016 116.701 -4.678 – – – –
Dias et al. 2014 116.675 -4.6 – -2.97 -2.57 –
Kharchenko et al. 2013 116.707 -4.68 – -2.5 -1.01 55.0
Gozha et al. 2012 116.675 -4.6 – – – –
Bukowiecki et al. 2011 116.717 -4.67 – – – –
Kharchenko et al. 2007 116.67 -4.6 – 0.06 – –
Ahumada & Lapasset 2007 116.675 -4.6 – – – –
van den Bergh 2006 116.675 -4.6 – – – –
Chen et al. 2003 116.67 -4.601 – – – –
Dias et al. 2002 116.675 -4.6 – -2.97 -2.57 57.8

πŸ’‘ Note: The UCC values are estimated from its identified members.

Reference Year Dist [kpc] Av [mag] DAv [mag] Age [Myr] [Fe/H] [dex] Mass [Msun] Bfrac BSS
UCC 99999– 4.36 0.38 1.1 6471 -0.188 6456 0.23 20
Otto et al. 2026 – – – 5623 -0.180(15) – – –
Li et al. 2025 4.25 0.51 – 5919 -0.156 – – –
Hu & Soubiran 2025 – – – – -0.250(5) – – –
Carrasco-Varela et al. 2025 4.16 0.39 – 6471 0.000 – – 22(1)
Almeida et al. 2025 4.36 0.39 – 6471 – 6456 – –
Zhang et al. 2024 – – – – -0.196(1) – – –
Hunt & Reffert 2024 – – – – – 3576(1) – –
Cavallo et al. 2024 3.27 0.72 – 6918 -0.550 – – –
Rain et al. 2024 3.95 0.36 – 7865 – 16716 0.23 –
Hunt & Reffert 2023 3.90 0.25 1.10 3126 – – – –
Just et al. 2023 – – – 3162 – 1312 – –
Spina et al. 2022 – – – – -0.174 – – –
Jadhav & Subramaniam 2021 3.96 0.29 – 5623 – 11034 – 13(1)
Jaehnig et al. 2021 4.67(1) – – – – – – –
Rain et al. 2021 4.36 0.38 – 7943 – – – 18
Dias et al. 2021 4.36 0.39 – 6471 -0.109 – – –
Cantat-Gaudin et al. 2020 3.96 0.29 – 5623 – – – –
Kounkel et al. 2020 4.07 0.46 – 3236 – – – –
Zhong et al. 2020 4.78 0.38 – 9900 -0.156 – – –
Cantat-Gaudin & Anders 2020 4.36 – – – – – – –
Liu & Pang 2019 – – – 12300 -1.750 – – –
Soubiran et al. 2018 4.36 – – – – – – –
Cantat-Gaudin et al. 2018 4.36 – – – – – – –
Loktin & Popova 2017 3.66 1.36 – 1230 – – – –
Kharchenko et al. 2016 4.84 0.13 – 3162 – – – –
Kharchenko et al. 2013 4.84 0.13 – 3162 -0.260 – – –
Gozha et al. 2012 4.78 – – 7943 -0.210 – – –
Bukowiecki et al. 2011 4.88(1) 0.00 – 8913 – – – –
Ahumada & Lapasset 2007 – 0.38 – 7943 – – – 43
van den Bergh 2006 4.73 0.38 – 7943 – – – –
Chen et al. 2003 4.78 0.38 – 7940 -0.170(1) – – –
Dias et al. 2002 4.78 0.38 – 7943 -0.200 – – –

(N): Indicates that there are N extra values assigned to this parameter in the corresponding reference.

Visualization
ℹ️
Berkeley 39 UCC
Berkeley 39 HUNT23
Berkeley 39 CANTAT20
Galactocentric position diagram